Delinquency Deterrence Response Essay

It is said that the human psyche can be an exceptionally mind boggling web of musings. Musings that can once in a while lead to fortunate or unfortunate activities. Does the genuine danger of discipline stop or does it empower adolescent wrongdoing? This inquiry happens to hold two answers one being yes and the other no. Adolescent misconduct has existed for quite a long time yet as we as a whole realize it's anything but a difficult that blossoms for the time being. Adolescent misconduct is a showed express that is found out and its causes are showed from in the home (useless or broken), school (strain to succeed), companions (peer weight) and family (need to scape for reasons unknown or another). As per Thomson Learning Inc. Adolescent Delinquency: The Core (2005), for certain kids and youngsters the danger of discipline is sensible to the point that this strategy gives a chance to those people to do right. This might be on the grounds that the people balanced perspective and the authorization of discipline either has been as of now implemented or the dread of being gotten is excessively high of a cost for the person to acknowledge. Then again there are youngsters and adolescents who don't ear discipline or whatever other results that may originate from their terrible activities. Moreover, for certain people the idea of being rebuffed just goads and urges a few people to proceed with their awful ways. It s said that all together for a plant to develop and blossom it must be taken care of and sustained. This procedure is the same with regards to bringing up kids and youngsters. At the point when youngsters or adolescents are brought up in broken homes with guardians that empower terrible conduct and no control empower these people to foul up. Living in a home ith guardians that expend liquor, take medications, take and gathering all the time urges these people to get reprobate. A youngster or teenager being brought up in that kind of condition may expect and be urged to imagine that it is alright to live that way. Being urged by companions to foul up isn't right however to be empowered by ones own parent is viewed as a demonstration that esteems inconvenient to any kid or young people life. The explanation behind this is on the grounds that outcomes and rectification for their terrible activities doesn't exist (Thomson Learning Inc. 005). A few instances of general discouragement, explicit discouragement and situational wrongdoing avoidance systems are as followed. General discouragement fundamentally is if an individual accepts that they will be trapped in a represent model like holding up an accommodation store and their discipline will be executed to the fullest for that wrongdoing. There is the likelihood that the wrongdoing won't be perpetrated in light of the fact that the discipline far exceeds the wrongdoing. Explicit prevention is utilized to diminish the likelihood of having a recurrent perpetrator. A case of explicit discouragement is the three strike law. This technique evidently expresses that an individual who is gone after for a similar offense will go to prison for perpetrating a similar wrongdoing on a third offense. There are no breaks or reasons because of the way that the three strike laws were actualized from a past offense. Situational wrongdoing counteraction is the capacity to diminish and control the propensities of lawbreakers by making their activities harder to submit. This should be possible by having neighborhood watch bunches related to police watch at recreated times. Storekeepers can have cameras put in subtle territories of their stores alongside having altered verification glass or window bars on their stores. The key in situational mindfulness is to make the guilty party mulls over their activities and in what manner will it advantage them on the off chance that they are gotten (Thomson Learning Inc. , 2005). As children growing up we were constantly informed that avoidance was in every case superior to a fix. We were additionally informed that for our awful decisions made there will consistently be ramifications for those activities. Knowing our limits we generally remained inside them. My folks instructed us directly from wrong and they guided us through our youth directly into our high school and juvenile years. It is as I would see it through their hands on ways and continually being dynamic in our lives we avoided inconvenience. It is my conviction that wrongdoing counteraction procedures are consistently the best to begin with. At the point when an individual understands that it is more diligently to perpetrate a wrongdoing whether it is through parental inclusion or due to the components that are set up they may discover something that will be more valuable than falling into difficulty. .

Beethoven 2nd Novel Example

Beethoven second Novel Example Beethoven second Novel †Book Report/Review Example Film Review: Beethovens second Your Full Beethovens second The film Beethovens second was composed by Len Blum and coordinated by Rod Daniel. The characters in the film were George, Alice, Ryce, Ted and Emily - they are the Newtons family who claims Beethoven. Regina was the miscreant in the film, and was helped by her sweetheart, Floyd. Brillo was Reginas future ex, as they were on the way toward getting separated. Likewise in the characters was Missy, the woman St. Bernard that Beethoven goes gaga for and her four doggies which were named Chubby, Doll, Tchaikovsky and Moe. The film started in the place of the Newtons, where the family, along with Beethoven, has some way or another changed in accordance with their life. The plot starts when Regina and Brillo would have a separation. Regina needed to get some cash from Brillo, which drove all her Missy under her guardianship. Missy got away from Reginas home with Beethoven, Ted and Emilys help however was later on reclaimed by her me an proprietor. The Newtons children and Regina discovered that Missy had little dogs also, and this made Regina need to dispose of them as well. Ted and Emily brought the doggies covertly in their home and dealt with them. They even woke up in the center of the night to take care of them. In any case, George discovered what his children were doing and was irate on the grounds that he needed to manage developing canines once more. Because of money related troubles, the Newtons needed to move in a house close to the mountains and Beethoven thought the pups were at that point safe, yet he later realized he wasn't right. At the nation reasonable that George and Beethoven took an interest in, Regina and Floyd saw them, and everything prompted one pursue another. Regina took the little dogs from the Newtons while Beethoven and Missy had the option to disappear to the timberland. Regina and Floyd tailed them, and the Newtons understanding that the young doggies were taken, pursued Regina. As Floyd endeavored to drop the little dogs into the waterway, Beethoven made a chivalrous move which made Floyd and Regina tumble down the stream and escaped. At long last, the Newtons kept the doggies and dealt with them, and Missy was brought together with Brillo, and everybody was upbeat. The subject of the film is being useful, similarly as how Beethoven helped Missy, Ryce and the young doggies in the film. Aiding without sitting tight for any prize is the best type of affection even canines can give.

14 Powerful Ways to Boost Your Confidence

14 Powerful Ways to Boost Your Confidence Perception is reality. No matter how beautiful, how smart, how well-mannered you are, if you are not feeling yourself, you are doomed.Low self-esteem can do you no good. On the contrary, you will come off as too self-aware, too distracted, self-conscious…It is a simple rule. If you think highly of yourself, other people will assume they should think highly of you.Having higher self-esteem is not only a change in your perspective. It has the power to change your personal and work relationships for the better, to earn you better attitude and, ultimately, better opportunities.This article will give you fourteen powerful ways to boost your confidence, classified in three distinct categories.First, we will go through the very practical, science-based ways to gain confidence. Call them hacks, if you wish.Next, we will give you several ideas how to adjust your perspective so that you can see yourself in a better light.Third, we will work together on your outlook â€" understanding other pe ople better will help you get an improved idea of who you are in your surroundings.PRACTICAL ADVICE FOR BETTER SELF CONFIDENCEIn this section of the article you will discover our five proven-to-work life hacks for better confidence.Have in mind they are simple to follow but they are not always easy to follow. However, stick with it, and you will have a lot of success.1. Get in shapeUnlike other health conditions, being overweight is immediately obvious to people in your immediate surroundings. There is a stigma around carrying extra weight; that it is the result of gluttony; that you are bringing health risks upon yourself because of your poor life choices…Surprisingly, fat shaming is way more widely accepted than shaming people for other nasty habits such as smoking, drinking, gambling, shopping addiction, etc. Habits that can actually be way more devastating to your life than a few extra pounds.Let it be noted that we do not condone fat shaming in any way shape or form, but we d o want to stress on the fact that it is one of the first criteria people may judge you against, and therefore tackling that beast may put you on the fast track towards being more confident.Careful! Losing weight will only work if you have weight to lose. Talk to your doctor, or have a good look at your BMI and measurements before you take a decision. There is an app for that now. Wink.Making little changes in your lifestyle will get eyes on you and set people’s opinions of you in a positive direction. You will look better but you will also be perceived as more determined, more careful, and even smarter.Give up some sweets, go to the gym several times a week. Stick to it for a month and compliments will follow.2. Money. You are not it.We live in a world where you can pretty much monetize your every skill. In addition to your nine-to-five job you can easily run a gig, freelance, give lessons and basically earn money for any talent you may hold.We are rewarded for our efforts with mo ney, we are penalized for our mistakes with money.It is very easy to think that the money you own is equal to how much you are worth.There is a high chance that your self-esteem is too closely linked to your money spending. In extreme cases, that will come to signify a money disorder.According to Psychology Today there are several categories of those disorders. With money avoidance and money rejection, you would try to dissociate yourself from the subject of money. You would not pursue high-paid jobs, you would feel a sense of guilt, whenever you are getting paid. You would avoid tracking your bank account.On the contrary, money worshiping will lead you to an obsession with money, which in itself may lead you to workaholism and compulsive spending.You will be tempted to pursue every opportunity that could bring you financial gain â€" not just work related, but also investments and gambling. You will base your self worth entirely on the amount and price of things you can buy.The link between money and self-esteem works in both directions. Work on handling your money better and you will feel better about yourself.Having a healthier attitude toward money will help you realize financial problems and financial accomplishments are not personality problems and personality accomplishments.3. Better postureAlright, so sometimes you feel tired and broken and you could care less for the shape of your back, or how you look… You just want to slouch over your desk, read the last pages of that boring document and get it over with. You just want to go home.But there might be more to it than meets the eye. Studies have been performed to check if a better posture affects what someone thinks about themselves:‘Participants were asked to think about and write down their best or worse qualities while they were sitting down with their back erect and pushing their chest out (confident posture) or slouched forward with their back curved (doubtful posture).Then, participants comple ted a number of measures and reported their self-evaluations. In line with the self-validation hypothesis, we predicted and found that the effect of the direction of thoughts (positive/negative) on self-related attitudes was significantly greater when participants wrote their thoughts in the confident than in the doubtful posture.These postures did not influence the number or quality of thoughts listed, but did have an impact on the confidence with which people held their thoughts.’In other words, standing tall works!4. SmileA lot of high self-esteem has to do with social acceptance. You are prone to seek acceptance from others, as they are from you.Smiling will make people around you feel accepted by you. When the barista hands you your coffee in the morning, thank him and give him a smile. When your Uber picks you up from the airport, smile. When your boss criticizes your work, flaunt a smirk.A smile can be used in more than one occasion. It can show gratitude, it could accompan y a request, it may be used to convey understanding, or just good will.Whatever the occasion, it is difficult to imagine a case where smiling made it worse. It usually contributes to better understanding, more effective communication, easing the tension between two or more sides… it is a gesture meant to relax a situation.Alright, so how does that affect YOUR self-esteem?Reciprocation. Smiling is one of those body language expressions that just call for the same response.As this Forbes article tells us: ‘Two  studies  from 2002 and 2011 at Uppsala University in Sweden confirmed that other people’s smiles actually suppress the control we usually have over our facial muscles, compelling us to smile. They also showed that it’s very difficult to frown when looking at someone who smiles.’Smiling asks for smiling back. Smiling to other people increases the chance of getting a smile yourself. You will suddenly feel yourself not as tense, you will feel less stress when talking to other people, you will feel less judgement and scrutiny in your surroundings.5. ChatLooking fit, standing straight, and smiling will all contribute to people’s first impression of you. So far so good.Now all you need is a few tips at small talk so you avoid those awkward situations: How often has it happened that you fell into the deep sizzling hell of a prolonged awkward silence.Then you may or may not have blurted something stupid. And you hated yourself for the rest of the day. And then, in the evening, under the shower, you thought of the perfect thing to say and had a beautiful conversation with yourself…The reason is you are feeling too much tension when you are under the pressure of having to come up with things to say to others.So here are some small talk life hacks:Remember: The true art of small talk is striking an engaging conversation on topics that do not matterYou should never get too personal in small talk. That is why people talk about the weather. Make it a habi t of screening the news for small facts that would be a good topic.Engage the other side by making a bet ‘I bet you 2 dollars the lady over there will drop that fifth folder within the next one minute’Engage the other side by asking advice ‘Hey, I need you to help me out with something. Where do you think I can find a good…’SEE YOURSELF IN A BETTER LIGHTWhile the first section of our article was meant to give you very practical advice to implement in your everyday life and see quick results, now we will direct your attention inwards.Here we aim to provide you with 5 mental exercises that will transform the way you see yourself â€" from the inside out.6. Think it throughPeople with low self-esteem often become the victims of abusive automatic thoughts.The way it works is they often fall into the same chain of thoughts, and after a while, thought #1 automatically leads to thought #5. And the entire logic in-between is lost.For example:‘I had an awkward encounter with Jill today where I could not say much to her in the elevator‘‘Jill must think now that I am not a good conversationalist’‘I am probably not a good conversationalist’‘I am probably not a good conversationalist because I am stupid’‘I am stupid’This train of thoughts becomes: ‘I had an awkward encounter with Jill today where I could not say much to her in the elevator, therefore I am stupid.‘The problem with this thinking is it often leads from objectively unpleasant situations that are not necessarily your fault, to self-blame.While you can really attack the logic leading from Thought #1 to thought #5 with various arguments, people with low self-esteem miss that part and take every awkward situation as a proof they are no good.Counteract by giving yourself some well-earned compliments, whenever you find yourself in a good social situation.7. Set goalsA huge contributor to your self-perception will be the feeling of being accomplished.Make it a habit to set short term, mid-term and long term goals for yourself.Remember! Your goals must be achievable. Setting yourself some unachievable goals will be devastating for yourself esteem. You are not dreaming here. You are planning. Set for a little lower than the optimum result or optimum timing. Think about best or worst case scenario.Short term goals will be your daily tasks. Every Saturday sit down and write down some things you need to do throughout the week. Maybe you want to go out and vote, or do your taxes, open a bank account, go to the gym 3 or 4 times. Start small. Read your list back to yourself and ask yourself if you do the entire list this week will it make you feel accomplished.Mid-term goals would be your goals for the year. It could be the couple of extra kilograms you want to shed, or finally take that exam and certify your skills, or it could be to learn to garden. Plan for success until mid-year. Extending till the rest of the year will be Plan B.Your long term goals would be goals about your career, your family, your traveling around the world plans. Long term goals will only be successful if you work on them through your short and mid-term goals â€" to save money, to issue documents, to have meetings in the name of the end result.8. Build your self imagePoor self-confidence may be the result of bad self-image, but it could also be the result of an ambiguous, unclear or changing self-image.Ask yourself who you are and who you want to be. Where are you coming from? What were your circumstances? How have you grown? What are your true religious beliefs? Your political beliefs? Who do you admire? Are you a cat or a dog person? Pepsi or Coca cola? And the most important question of all: Why?Working on clearing your self-image will help you feel more confident in your opinions, your goals, your actions and the sacrifices you have to do to continue on your path.If you are criticized for not spending enough time with your children, you will know it is not because you are a bad mother, it is because you are a businesswoman.You are laughed at because you are not good with technology? Well, you are an artist, you rely on the tangible.When you know who you are and where you are going, you will feel more at ease about your place in society.9. Get out of your comfort zoneAnother step towards feeling more accomplished is to try and surprise yourself.Setting goals is a good idea but your goals really have to be achievable in order to work. They have to do with your everyday life, being productive, being good at your career, being successful and loved in your family.And while that is important, there is always the risk for low-balling yourself. Your short term, mid-term and long term goals SHOULD fall within your comfort zone.However, low self-esteem could be debilitating. Thinking you are not particularly good looking, or smart, or capable could very well leave you in a bubble, leading a boring, safe life.What scares you the most? Is it confrontation? Is it standing up to your boss? Is it dealing with family? Or is it flying? Or heights in general? High speeds?Write down a different set of goals to regularly challenge yourself. Work on being more talkative, go out more often or even schedule some high-adrenaline experiences. Forbes recommends trying to consciously step out of your comfort zone at least 3 times a week.Slowly but surely you will realize you have become braver, more adventurous and ready for the challenges of life.10. Acknowledge your flawsThe last step of looking inwards is to make sure you keep your balance. It is impossible to appreciate your strengths without coming to terms with your imperfections.You need to analyze your fears about yourself and turn them into points to improve. Step 1. Try to objectively identify your flaws. If you do not feel good about your figure, do you really need to lose weight, or is it just how you see yourself? Are you really stupid, or do you lack knowledge on certain topics?Step 2. Define if you can work on the source of the issue. If you are facing discrimination because of the color of your skin and you feel the unfairness, that could lead to low self-esteem, but you cannot change how you were born. If you are feeling the consequences of a serious disease, such as diabetes for example, that could be a source of your low self-esteem. But you cannot magically cure yourself. Those could be sources of bad self-image, but they are not your flaws. You only want to concentrate on the things you can work on.Step 3. Come up with an improvement plan for everything that you do not like in your life that depends on you and your behavior.SELF-ESTEEM AND RELATIONSHIPSWhile self-esteem has to do how you perceive yourself, that self-perception can change drastically if you work on the way you see others.This last section of our article concentrates on the idea that if you look at other people more closely, try to walk a mile in their shoes, and imagine them holistically, y ou will end up feeling better about yourself.11. Don’t compare yourself to othersA very important rule in the age of social media. When all of our friends find bigger and better ways to share with us the high points of their lives, we can’t help but feel unaccomplished, boring and stuck.People with low self-esteem tend to constantly compare themselves at their worst to the others at their best.What is bad about that logic is that A) you do not have all of the information. If you are comparing, you will need to know the worst parts about your friends’ lives, too. And no one shares that. B) Even if there was any sort of objective way to score your wellbeing against others’ overall, there will always be at least one aspect of their life where they are doing better than you.Life is a journey and no two lives are alike. Comparing yourself to others will always make you feel life is unfair, that you are doing something wrong, that you are not where you could be in life. It will on ly leave you with jealousy and self-esteem issues.12. Change how you see othersNot comparing yourself to others is just half of it. The other half is changing your perspective of others.If you were the only person on earth, you probably would not suffer from low self-esteem. You would be the smartest, most handsome, most capable human being that ever walked the earth.So what changes when there are people around? Why comparing ourselves to others makes us miserable?Because it gives us unachievable goals or unreasonable expectations for ourselves.When we focus on the fact that someone is more educated, we rarely think they were brought up in another environment, they had more money around to invest in their education, we rarely think about the personal moments they sacrificed for this achievement. All that we think about is that we wish we would have been more educated.When we focus on the fact that someone is getting married or having kids while we are single and dreaming of a family , we neglect the money, the time and the efforts that went into creating their home. Suddenly we forget how important we thought higher education is, too.When we concentrate on others we forget the resources in life are limited and that in order to achieve something you always sacrifice something else.Most importantly, we always neglect asking ourselves â€" Does that make them happy? Does that make THEM feel accomplished.It is just a childish instinct really. Going: ‘I want that. I don’t have that. Therefore, I am unhappy.’13. Be niceSo simple, so underestimated of a rule.Low self-esteem often comes from a place of feeling unaccepted, rejected for the great amount of flaws we feel we hold. It could involve feelings of jealousy towards others, of constantly feeling you have to defend yourself because others don’t like you. It could create animosity out of thin air.By creating animosity, low self-esteem could perpetuate a viscous circle of feelings of being rejected, causing t ension in relationships, leading to actually being rejected.Break the circle. Make it a rule to always be nice and civil to people who surround you.Remember, improving upon your relationships may be a journey. You need to heal from the downwards spiral of rejection and hate.Dissociate your feelings from your behavior and you will feel the downwards spiral change direction where your positive attitude will reinforce others to be on their best behavior around you and appreciate you more.14. Nourish your friendships  Working on a good first impression, on being good at small talk, on being nice is all a good start.Now you are ready to work on your long-term relationships with other people.Start by doing something nice and surprising for your existing friends. Keep it simple. Small gesture or a gift that comes from the heart.Expand your idea of what ‘a friend’ means. It doesn’t have to be people you know from your hometown or from school. It could be your colleagues, it could be your doorkeeper. It could be the cashier at your neighborhood shop, or the bartender at your local pub.Now, don’t overstep any boundaries, just make sure you are always friendly to people, and even more so to people you see everyday.Your capability of building long-term relationships is your best proof of your worth. So, work on it!CONCLUSIONAnd there you have it, 14 steps towards achieving a better self-image.It is not an exact science and it does take time to start taking yourself more seriously, to work on your personality and your perspective.But you are always worth it. Work on yourself and you will be happier and happier with every step of the way.It gets easier. It gets better.

Drug Wars in Mexico - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 485 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Drug Wars in Mexico The Juarez Drug Cartel is earning about $250 million a week by 1995. The Mexico Drug Cartels are not only effecting Mexico, but also the U. S. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Drug Wars in Mexico" essay for you Create order If the United States decides to help Mexico by expanding development assistance, they could also increase law enforcement, have stricter laws, and even legalize drugs. The best solution is to increase law enforcement, have stricter laws, and legalize drugs. Is organized crime a problem in Mexico? Brazen assassinations, kidnappings, and intimidation by drug lords conjure up images of Columbia in early 1990’s† (The Real War 63). ‘Ethnographic anthroplogical studies of trafficking of organizations†¦ are limited† (Female Drug Smugglers 239). Organized Crime in Mexico is a big problem, because drug cartels are killing and getting drugs smuggled into the U. S. Because organized crime is such a problem in Mexico they need to do something about it. The United States should also help create opportunities within Mexico. This means expanding development assistance, rather than just security assistance. At least $5 million for 2009, current U. S development aid to Mexico is paltry. The spending has also been far too slow, although $700 million had been released by congress as of April 2009, only $7 million had been spent (The Real War 63). Even though only $7 million had been spent they could spend more money to help stop drug smuggling into the U. S. If this solution doesn’t work or they don’t spend more money they would need an alternate solution. Mexico could also increase law enforcement, have stricter laws, and even legalize drugs. These include not just pistols, but also cartel favorites, such as AR-15S and AK-47 style semi-automatic rifles (The Real War 63). If they increase law enforcement they could bust more drug cartels but by legalizing drugs, more and more drugs would be sold and smuggled into the U. S. This is the best solution because with stricter laws, drug cartels, might be more careful on smuggling drugs across the border. The best solution is for Mexico to increase law enforcement and make their laws stricter, and also legalize drugs. Banners hung by drug traffickers in public places and uploading videos of gruesome beheadings to YouTube. â€Å"Over 10,000 drug related killings have occurred since president Felipe Calderson took office in December 2006; in 2008 alone there were over 6,000† (The Real War 63). This is the best solution because if they legalize drugs and have stricter laws there wont be as many murders as there are now. The best solution is for Mexico to increase law enforcement, have stricter laws, and legalize drugs because the United States is aiding Mexico to increase development. There will always be crime when there is poverty, and there will always be a demand for illegal drugs. In order to counter these threats we will need to make and enforce new laws. The Juarez Drug Cartel is obtaining large amounts of money, but it is the corrupt way of doing so.

Graduate School Interview Dos and Donts

If you have been asked to come in for an admissions interview, congratulations! Youre one step closer to being accepted into graduate school. The interview is typically the final evaluation stage in the graduate school application process, so success is imperative. The more prepared you arrive, the more likely you are to leave a lasting, positive impression on the interviewers. Remember that for the institution, the purpose of the interview is to get to know the applicant beyond his or her application materials. This is your chance to distinguish yourself from the other applicants and show why you belong in the graduate program. In other words, its your chance to make your case for acceptance over other applicants. An interview also gives you the opportunity to explore the campus and its facilities, meet professors and other faculty members, ask questions, and evaluate the program. You are not the only one being evaluated—you too have to make a decision about whether the school and program are right for you. Most, if not all, applicants view the interview as a stressful experience: What do you bring to a graduate school interview? What do you wear? Most importantly, what do you say? Help ease your nerves by learning what to expect and, specifically, what you should and should not do during your graduate admissions interview. What to Do for Your Graduate School Admissions Interview Before the Interview: Make a list of your strengths and achievements, as well as any recognitions youve received.Complete thorough research on the school, graduate program, and faculty, especially the person conducting the interview.Be familiar with common admission interview questions.Practice answering questions with friends, family, and graduate school advisors.Rest the night before. The Day of the Interview: Arrive 15 minutes early.Dress professionally and with polish—no jeans, t-shirts, shorts, hats. etc.Bring multiple copies of your resume or CV, relevant papers, and presentations.Be yourself, honest, confident, friendly, and respectful.Shake hands with the interviewer and anyone else you meet during your visit.Address the interviewer by both their title and name (e.g. Dr. Smith).Make eye contact.Stay alert and attentive.Use body language to convey your interest by sitting up straight and leaning forward slightly.Smile as you interact with the interviewer.Express your ideas and thoughts in a clear, straightforward manner.Demonstrate your interest in the school and program with genuine passion and enthusiasm.Discuss your achievements and goals.Explain flaws that exist on your academic record—without making excuses.Keep your answers consistent with your application.Ask knowledgeable, specific questions that show youve done your research (e.g. questions about the school, pro gram, or faculty).Ask for clarification if you dont understand a question.Sell yourself. After the Interview: Try to relax.Send a brief thank-you email to the interviewer.Stay optimistic. What You Shouldnt Do for Your Graduate School Admissions Interview Before the Interview: Forget to research the school, program, and faculty.Neglect to review common admissions interview questions and brainstorm your answers.Cancel or reschedule the interview unless you absolutely must. The Day of the Interview: Arrive late.Let your nerves get the best of you. Practice deep breathing to relax.Forget your interviewers nameRamble. Its not necessary to fill every silent moment, especially if youre not saying something worthwhile.Interrupt the interviewer.Lie or exaggerate about your accomplishments.Make excuses for weaknesses.Criticize yourself or other individuals.Speak unprofessionally—no slang, curse words, or forced humor.Cross your arms or slouch in your chair.Broach controversial or ethical issues (unless asked to).Let your phone disrupt the interview. Turn it off, put it on silent, or activate airplane mode—whatever you need to do to ensure it remains quiet.Give one-word answers. Provide details and explanations for everything you say.Say only what you think the interviewer wants to hear.Forget to thank the interviewer before you leave. After the Interview: Go crazy overthinking about your performance. Whatever will be, will be!

Fedex vs. Ups Free Essays

string(52) " as the key financial success than maximizing RONA\." THE BATTLE FOR VALUE, 2004: FEDEX CORP. VS. UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. We will write a custom essay sample on Fedex vs. Ups or any similar topic only for you Order Now Executive Summary: As the U. S. package delivery business segment matured, International segment became the battle ground for the two package delivery giants – FedEx and UPS. FedEx is considered to be the innovative, entrepreneurial, inventor of customer logistical management, and an operational leader. UPS, on the other hand, is considered to be big, bureaucratic, and industry follower, although UPS is shedding this negative image with newer innovations. FedEx Corp. started in 1971, by the end of 2003; it had nearly $15. billion in assets, net income of $830 million on revenues of about $22. 5 billion and shipped more than 5. 4 million packages daily. UPS, Inc. founded in 1907, by the end of 2003; it had $28. 9 billion in assets, net income of $2. 9 billion on revenues of $33. 4 billion, and with excellent (AAA) bond rating. The struggle to deliver value and dominate the package delivery market between FedEx and UPS has reached titanic proportions and clearly evident from th eir respective expenditures. Between 1992 and 2003, capital expenditures for FedEx and UPS rose at an annualized rate of 34. 64% and 36. 78%, respectively. Currently both companies are matching each other’s investments in capital almost exactly. Placing ourselves in the center of the battle of giants and using the data provided in the Exhibits 1 through 11, we try to answer the following questions in this case analysis. 1: Who is creating more value and how? 2: Who is destroying the value? FedEx’s growth strategy is â€Å"Produce superior financial returns for shareholders by providing high value added supply chain, transportation, business and related information services through focused operating companies competing collectively, and managed collaboratively under FedEx brand†. UPS’s growth strategy is â€Å"Serve the evaluation distribution, logistics and commerce needs of customers with excellence and value in all services. With strong financials and broad employee ownership provide long-term competitive returns to the shareholders†. FedEx’s financial ratios are improving while UPS has far better ratios in liquidity, leverage, and profitability. UPS has consistently paid and increased dividends while FedEx just started paying dividends in 2003. FedEx’s EPS comp. annual growth rate (CAGR) 1992 -2003 is 27. 54% compared to UPS’s 13. 9%. However, since going public 1999, UPS has better EPS Compounded Annual growth rate (CAGR) compared to FedEx– 34. 30% vs. 6. 98%. UPS has far better Cum. Total market returns than FedEx – 705. 95% vs. 528. 02%. UPS has far better EVA(2003) compared to FedEx – $1,195 million vs. $170 million. MVA(2003) for UPS also far better than FedEx – $11,816 million vs. $69,31 5 million. By looking at the calculations above we can clearly say that both UPS and FedEx created value, but UPS has created more value for shareholders than FedEx. Case Analysis Detail: We start with analyzing both companies using the data provided in the book in the exhibits 1 through 11. We start the Economic profit analysis of both FedEx and UPS by review and analyzing the Return on Net Assets (RONA). A Return on Net Assets Ratio determines whether the institution is financially better off than in previous years by measuring total economic return. A decline in this ratio may be appropriate and even warranted if it reflects a strategy to better fulfill the institution’s mission. An improving trend in this ratio indicates that the institution is increasing its net assets and s likely to be able to set aside financial resources [pic] to strengthen its future financial flexibility. Looking at the graph generated from data presented in Exhibits 9 10, shows from 1992 to 1994 the ratio for FedEx is improving while it is decreasing for UPS, although it is still well below UPS figures. A quick look at Exhibit 4, we did not find any competitive developments to supp ort the movement of the ratio for both companies. To get more insight into this movement for FedEx and UPS we check the Activity Analysis specifically the Asset turn over ratios for both companies. Review the Fixed asset turnover and Total asset turnover for FedEx and UPS for the period 1992-1994, it is observed that UPS is utilizing its assets better during this period – see graph below. [pic] Although by itself this ratio number can be misleading, since companies with lower margins can have higher asset turnover rations. In order to understand the real impact of asset turnover ratio we need to combine with margin ratio and then determine if it’s pricing strategy by UPS that is generating this high ratio or in fact UPS is much more efficient in using its assets than FedEx. Looking at the numbers for this period for both companies using Exhibits 23, we observed that UPS has far better Net profit margins compared [pic] to FedEx’s, that points to high asset turnover due to its pricing strategy. As we see in the above graph, UPS Asset ratios are declining while FedEx assets ratios are improving and correspondingly FedEx-RONA is also improving though lacking behind UPS’s RONA ratio even though FedEx has greatly improved their asset turnover ratios, the Net Profit margins are still well below UPS (see Net Profit Margin graph above). Does this mean UPS is creating more value than FedEx as shown by RONA graph? We need more concrete data to answer this question. Although RONA has a strong virtue of usage, as compared to traditional methods for measuring company success, is that it also considers the assets a company uses to achieve its output. However, RONA can’t alone be used to determine who is creating value to destroying value, because managers might bypass value-creating activities because they would reduce RONA (a risk if RONA is greater than WACC), or they might undertake value-destroying activities because they would increase RONA (if RONA is less than WACC). Moreover, since RONA does not explicitly measures capital charges, we need to analyze Economic Value Added to determine who is creating or destroying value. Ultimately maximizing EVA should rather be seen as the key financial success than maximizing RONA. You read "Fedex vs. Ups" in category "Essay examples" [pic] Above graph shows from 1992 to 1994 both companies were destroying Economic value, UPS less than FedEx. 1995 UPS created $217 million value while FedEx was still in the negative territory. This is when UPS launched â€Å"guaranteed 8 A. M. overnight delivery† (Exhibit 4 – Timeline of Competitive Developments). This was frontal attack on FedEx who has â€Å"offers 10 A. M. delivery† (Exhibit 4 – Timeline of Competitive Developments). UPS EVA dropped to negative $138 million due to the strike by its union workers which cost UPS $700 million revenues. Interesting to see from the graph is that FedEx could not capitalize on this opportunity as its EVA was down by $215 million. In fact the graph shows, FedEx destroyed EVA from 1992 till 2002 and the only year it was able to create EVA was in 2003 by the amount of $170 million compared to UPS of $1,195 million. In year 2003, UPS EVA was whopping 703% more than FedEx. Reviewing numbers and graph, in the tech bubble of 2000-2002, UPS still maintain positive EVA while FedEx delivered negative EVA. Looking at the above graph and correlating it against the Exhibit 4, the positive EVA of FedEx can be lined up with Kinko’s Purchase in year 2003. [pic] Analyzing the cumulative Economic Value Added (EVA-Cum) graph, from year 1992 to 2003, FedEx destroyed $2. 2 billion ($2,252 Million) economic value while UPS has created $4. billion ($4,328 million) in economic value. This answers the questions put forward in the executive summary. But we will go further and analyze the Market Value Added (MVA) for each company to support our argument that UPS created more value than FedEx. [pic] Since going public in 1999, UPS has created close to $70 billion in Market Value Added (MVA) as compared FedEx’s $11 billion MVA. This shows UPS has created substantial values for the shareholders far better t han FedEx. Since FedEx’s MVA is not negative, it shows they did not destroyed value for the shareholders but UPS created more value for the shareholders. This is amazing achievement for UPS that is considered big and bureaucratic while FedEx is considered the innovative. What is the key to UPS’s success even being heavily unionized? The Key is efficiency. Business week wrote â€Å"Every route is timed down to the traffic light. Each Vehicle was engineered to exacting specifications. And the drivers endure a daily routine calibrated down to the minute. We can analyze UPS’s efficiency by analyzing the ratios and comparing them against FedEx’s financial and analytical ratios. Using exhibits 2 and 3, graphing the data, comparison shows UPS activity ratios are weakening and FedEx is doing great job in improving. [pic] The Average days outstanding for UPS have increased from approximately 25 in 1992 to over 50 in 2003. FedEx on the other hand, has done better job to manag e the average days outstanding. Average Days outstanding by itself doesn’t mean much and it must be analyzed with other activity ratios to conclude result. pic] The working capital turnover comparison shows except for 1993 FedEx has done better compared to UPS. The WC_Turnover for FedEx was 41. 25 in 2003 compared to 7. 72 for UPS, indicated FedEx is generated far more sales compared to cash it uses to fund these sales as compared to UPS. [pic] FedEx’s fixed and total asset turnover ratio is better than UPS. This indicates FedEx is using its asset better than UPS to generate sales. Although by itself this ratio number can be misleading, since companies with lower margins can have higher asset turnover rations. In order to understand the real impact of asset turnover ratio we need to combine with margin ratio and then determine if it’s pricing strategy by FedEx that is generating this high ratio or in fact FedEx is much more efficient in using its assets than UPS. Looking at the numbers for 2003 for both companies, FedEx with 3. 69% Net profit margins compared to UPS’s 8. 65% seems to have high asset turnover due to its pricing strategy. The above graph shows that activity financial ratios of FedEx are improving while they are weakening for UPS. Next we analyze Liquidity Ratios of both companies to see which company has the ability to pay its obligations in timely manner with minimal cost. [pic] The Current Ratio of UPS is better and improving than FedEx. The anomaly in 1999 for UPS was due to the public offering of its securities. The graph shows both companies can service their short-term debt, its UPS that has more efficient operating cycle than FedEx. The graph shows FedEx’s CR is improving but still behind its top competitor UPS. [pic] UPS has better cash ratio and thus can service its short term debt more comfortably than FedEx. This also indicates that UPS has less debt than FedEx too. The anomaly in 1999 is due to public offering of UPS securities. The graph shows UPS Cash ratio offer better safety of margin than FedEx when it needs to service its debt. Although FedEx’s Cash Ratio is improving but it is still behind UPS. Reviewing the Cash flow from operations ratio and Defensive interval shows that UPS has better liquidity ratios than FedEx and can handle short term cash requirement more efficiently, though FedEx’s ratios are improving. The above graphs show UPS has better liquidity ratios than FedEx. Now we review the Long-Term Debt and Solvency analysis of both companies. The below graph shows FedEx is more leveraged than UPS, though FedEx’s leverage position is improving. Graph shows UPS’s leverage was high in 2001 and 2002, we can find the answer in Exhibit 4 – Timeline of Competitive Development – UPS acquired all-cargo air service in Latin America 2000 and acquired Mail Boxes Etc. retail franchise in 2001. While in 2003 FedEx acquired Kinko’s which could explained higher leverage compared to UPS. pic] The Capital Expenditure Ratio shows, both companies actually almost matching each other’s Capital expense. Exhibit 4 –Timeline of Competitive Developments shows the details of the major Capital expenses by both companies in competition to gain competitive advantage. Both companies made acquisitions to grow in different fields. [pic] The above graphs shows UPS is co nsistently leveraged low while FedEx is improving. Next we analyze the profitability analysis for both companies. Data from Exhibit 2 3 shows, FedEx’s profitability is worse UPS. PS beat FedEx in almost all profitability ratios by handsome margin. It is evident from 2003 numbers for Net Profit Margins 3. 69% and 8. 65% for FedEx and UPS respectively. The following graph shows the comparison of profitability of both companies. [pic] Finally, we review the growth analysis of both companies. Exhibit 2 3, provides the picture that shows FedEx growth is higher than UPS. [pic] The below graphs summarizes and compares both companies EPS, Dividend payout, Stock price, and PE ratios. [pic] UPS’s stock price shows since going public, it has delivered better value to its shareholders than FedEx. [pic] The above graph shows, UPS has consistently paid and increased dividends to its shareholders, while FedEx started dividend payout in 2003. [pic] UPS has a higher EPS growth than FedEx implies that FedEx has been unable to translate net income growth into high EPS growth. Hence, our analysis conclude that both UPS and FedEx created value for their shareholders, but UPS created more value than FedEx in the long run. How to cite Fedex vs. Ups, Essay examples

Contributory Negligence Commentary on Tort

Question: Discuss about the Contributory Negligence for Commentary on Tort. Answer: Introduction One of the tort laws in Australia is the tort of negligence. Negligence takes place when a person, who owed a duty of care to some other person, undertakes or does something, as a result of which, the other person is injured or incurs a loss. An aspect or concept, which is used against negligence, is contributory negligence (Latimer, 2012). In the following parts, the case of Tamara has been analyzed, using these two concepts. Whether or not Tamara can sue Aldi Supermarkets for her losses due to their negligence? As highlighted in the introductory segment, negligence is a tort law, which fixes the liability on a person, for their failure in exercising the reasonable care, which a prudent person, in similar circumstances would undertake, and which results in an injury, loss or harm to the person to whom the duty of care was owed. Negligence takes place when there is a duty of care, this duty of care is breached, this breach results in a loss or injury, the loss is not too remote and there is a direct causation, and the loss is foreseeable. When a case of negligence is established, the aggrieved party can claim for damages in form of monetary compensation (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). The first step in establishing negligence is to establish a duty of care. In Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605, 618, the Court of Appeal gave a threefold test to establish the duty of care for establishing negligence. These included that the harm has to be reasonably foreseeable through the acts or conduct of the defendant; there has to be a relationship of proximity between the parties; and the imposition of liability has to be reasonable, fair and just (Lunney and Oliphant, 2013). In Bolton v. Stone [1951] AC 850, [1951] 1 All ER 1078, the damages were not awarded to the plaintiff, as the court held that the defendant could not be claimed to be negligent due to the lack of reasonable foreseeability of damage, as a result of his conduct (Swarb, 2016). The next step is to establish that the duty of care is to establish that the duty of care was breached (Harvey and Marston, 2009). In Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367, the Council was held in breach of duty of care, and as a result, negligent. Paris, in this case, was employed as a fitter in the garage of the Council. The Council was aware that Paris was blind in one eye and even then they failed to provide him the protective goggles to do his work. While he was working on a rusty bolt, a chip of metal flew and stuck in his good eye, due to which he was blinded completely. As it was the duty of the Council to provide Paris the necessary gear, they had to compensate Paris for his loss arising due to Councils negligence (Martin and Lancer, 2013). The damage has to be the result of such negligence and it has to be significant. If a loss is remote, negligence cannot be established. Only when all these elements are present, a case of negligence can be made (Latimer, 2012). Contributory negligence is the most common defense which is used to decrease the liability arising due to negligence. Under contributory negligence, the person who is injured as a result of negligence of the defendant contributes to the injury. And so, the amount of damages which are awarded to the plaintiff are reduced by the amount of contributory negligence, which is decided upon the discretion of the court (Dongen, 2014). In Hamilton v Duncan [2010] NSWDC 90, the plaintiff failed to maintain a proper lookout for the hole, even when he knew about the hole on which he had tripped. Moreover, he had even warned another person, who later on became the witness, regarding the presence of the hole in the ground, just moments before the accident took place. As a result, the plaintiff was declared as 30% contributory negligence and so, the damages were reduced by 30% (Bannerman, 2015). Application When a person enters any supermarket, it becomes the duty of the supermarket to ensure the safety of its consumers, while in their premises. And so, a duty of care was owed by Aldi supermarkets to Tamara, being their customer. Applying the threefold test given in Caparo Industries plc v Dickman, the loss was foreseeable. This was because any person could fall on a puddle of ice cream and such puddle had to be cleaned. There was proximity between the parties, as Tamara was a customer of Aldi Supermarkets and so, the supermarket owed a duty of are towards their customer. And in case, the supermarket is held liable for negligence, the imposition of liability would be reasonable, fair and just. Further, the case of Bolton v. Stone suggests that foreeseability has to be present, which was clear in this case, as any person could easily fall on wet surface. Failing to clean the surface, resulted in Tamaras injuries, in the same manner as was seen for Paris in Paris v Stepney Borough Council. Since all the necessary elements of negligence were present, it can be deduced that Aldi committed the tort of negligence. The defense which can be used by Aldi is that they had cleaned their supermarket on regular intervals, i.e. in every 40 minutes, for any spillage and hence, it was not their fault. Moreover, Tamara ran as she feared that the last piece of chocolate would be sold out, due to which she fell. She knew the surface was wet, and yet she ran, so she contributed to her injuries. And as was seen in case of Hamilton v Duncan, the amount of damages awarded to her would be reduced. Conclusion On the basis of above analysis, it can be concluded that Tamara can successfully sue Aldi supermarkets for their negligence. Though, the amount of damages which would be awarded to Tamara would be reduced by a percentage amount, due to her contributory negligence. And such percentage would be decided by the court. References Bannerman, D. (2015) Contributory Negligence In "Slip And Fall" Cases - No Control Over The Plaintiff's Own Action Or Inaction?. [Online] Bannermans Lawyers. Available from: https://www.bannermans.com.au/insurance/articles/public-liability/331-contributory-negligence-in-slip-and-fall-cases-no-control-over-the-plaintiff-s-own-action-or-inaction [Accessed on: 26/01/17] Dongen, E.V. (2014) Contributory Negligence: A Historical and Comparative Study. Boston: Brill Nijhoff. Gibson, A., and Fraser, D. (2014) Business Law 2014. 8th ed. Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. Harvey, B., and Marston, J. (2009) Cases and Commentary on Tort. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Lunney, M., and Oliphant, K. (2013) Tort Law: Text and Materials. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Martin, J., and Lancer, D. (2013) AQA Law for AS Fifth Edition. 5th ed. Oxon: Hachette UK. Swarb. (2016) Bolton v Stone: HL 10 May 1951. [Online] Swarb. Available from: https://swarb.co.uk/bolton-v-stone-hl-10-may-1951/ [Accessed on: 26/01/17]

The Failure of Disney Paris Essay Example

The Failure of Disney Paris Paper Most famous amongst its flagship projects have been the eleven theme parks situated at different locations that attract swarms of people on a dally basis. However, as we come to learn, a big name and successful past alone may not be sufficient for success away from home. Factors such as culture, conditions, the way of life and other calculated steps can be crucial. Involved in the art of making fairytale over the years, Disneys European Journey was not always a fairytale. Improper information, wrong approaches of marketing, inadequate market research and Inability to cope with external factors could spoil the broth. What are the factors contributed to Ruddiness poor performance during its first ear of operation? When Disney entered Europe with Its Redolence theme park. It expected the same ethereal magic to work Its charm on masses as It had In the US and Japan. The initial failure of the park came as a rude shock to the management which sought to woo European households. Their know it all attitude and arrogance were to blame. We will write a custom essay sample on The Failure of Disney Paris specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Failure of Disney Paris specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Failure of Disney Paris specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Firstly, France has always had negative sentiments regarding American Imperialism and has never been fond of the strong economic and cultural influences it has actively or passively had over other countries. This was further exemplified by Idleness advertising on Its glitz and size, rather than luring barnacles by advertising Its rides and attractions. Mackey was also not a crowd puller, while the French had local characters like Asterisk to proudly hold on to. Disney had completely overlooked the implications of not considering cultural factors while managing the park. [1]The French love their wine, and banning alcohol In the park was doing the unthinkable and Insensitive to French culture and strict rules regarding facial hair for men. Its Important to keep In mind local culture before imposing strict company culture as this plays an important role in defining the verbal experience, fortunately Ruddiness had kennels to house pets since French people would never leave their pets at home during a vacation. Disney also did not get adequately informed about the way of life in Europe, particularly France where they expected a large portion of their potential market. Downsizing their breakfasts at restaurants Dates on malformations Tanat Europeans dont eat Dreariest, Ana expecting midsections family outings which were common in America worked against the requirements and lifestyles of their market. Ruddiness also seemed to fall out of the good books of the French overspent, ad agencies and banks which were formidable allies due to their overconfident and obstinate attitude. The dismal, unwelcoming winter weather in the north of France, the highly priced hotel rooms at Ruddiness, and the theme park by itself not being one that offers enough attractions to extend beyond a two day visit did not help in making things brighter. Disney never entertained the option of entering into partnerships even for the hotels. A large number of factors at the macro level also had direct influences on Ruddiness popularity and performance. For instance, transatlantic airfare wares and currency movements in 1992 made lying to Disorderly, Orlando cheaper than going to Paris.

Economic Analysis Forecast Macro Environment Airline Essay Example

Economic Analysis Forecast Macro Environment Airline Essay Example Economic Analysis Forecast Macro Environment Airline Paper Economic Analysis Forecast Macro Environment Airline Paper Overview In todays global economy, firms rely on the analysis of macroeconomic and industry data to develop performance improving strategies and increase their profitability. With this in mind, the following report consists of an analysis of the U. Macro environment, the airline Industry, and Delta Air Lines. It covers both a historic period from 1996 to 2000 and a current period from 2001 to the present. Even though there has been current significant Improvement in GAP, there are new concerns regarding deflation, the present jobless recovery, and the fact that production is increasing at a faster rate than demand. Subsequent analysis will focus on the changing factors that have lead to these results. When facing economic expansion or recession, the Federal Reserve Board (the Fed) relies on different measures to potentially Influence the economic environment. The Feeds current approach has been the opposite; It has expanded the money supply to lower the targeted federal funds rate In order to try to pull the economy out of the recession and generate sustainable amount of economic growth. Economic expansion (1996 2000) contributed to Deltas and the overall airline industry positive performance. On average, the airline industry contributed O. These macroeconomic events had direct effects over the airline industry. For example, increase in labor and fuel costs forced labor cuts in the Industry and the grounding of a significant number of aircraft. The different factors affecting the Industrys performance also have direct effects over Delta Air Lines. This is evidenced by the generation of profits during the expansion period (totaling LOS$ 4,040 million) and losses during the period of economic downturn (totaling US$ 2,934 million). With loss still remaining on their income statements, major carriers, including Delta, are searching for deferent ways o face the new low-cost competition. By analyzing past and current trends in the macroeconomic environment, In the airline Industry, and In Deltas performance, respectively, we highlight existing links between each. It Is Important to mention that our analysis focuses solely on the commercial aviation sector in order to satisfy Deltas informational needs.  Based on this research and analysis, our report is intended to provide an objective macroeconomic and industry forecast for the coming year and provide recommendations to Delta. The Macroeconomic Environment We now analyze the U. Agronomic environment during the historic and current periods. GAP Analysis To understand the changes In GAP behavior we look at its basic components (See Average Growth of Real GAP Components graph). These international economic problems caused the dollar to strengthen against foreign currencies, which in turn debilitated U. This deteriorating environment gave way to the current period, greeted by recession. Worries related to the war with Iraq, as well as persistent concerns about the course of economic activity and corporate earnings, created a high degree of risk aversion mongo Dustless executives Tanat constrained capital spending Ana null. I nose factors will be discussed in more detail in subsequent analysis. Inflation Analysis The general trend for inflation during both the historic and current periods has been to remain low. For example, in the airline industry, Internet fare bookings have decreased overall commission expenses. However, profit margins were contracted as rising costs created higher prices in a competitive market environment. Capacity Utilization In our previous analysis we mentioned the effects of increased productivity and market competition on inflation. These factors were fueled by the overall favorable economic conditions. After analyzing the differences and trends in the macroeconomic environment between the historic and current periods, we now focus our attention on the Federal Reserves role in the economy. Feeds Response To meet the goals of high growth, low inflation, and low unemployment, the Fed looks at the range of variables discussed in previous analysis. 5% in order to try to pull the economy out of the recession and generate sustainable amount of economic growth. The Federal Reserve also lowered the targeted federal funds rate in order o reduce the strain on the economy caused by international economic instability (Asia, Russia, and Latin America). As mentioned in the Inflation Analysis section, price increases have been low throughout this period due to: Decrease in overall spending Decrease in wealth due to poor stock market returns High unemployment rates Lower capacity utilization In the present, fiscal policy has provided additional support to consumer spending. At present, inflation, for the first time since the early sass, is as low as the Fed wants so low, in fact, that threes a remote risk of the economy tipping into a debilitating deflation. The macroeconomic environment has great impact over the strategies used by industries and firms. To illustrate this relationship, we presented in this section an analysis of the most influential factors in industry and firm decision making which are: real GAP growth and its components, inflation, and productivity. Our analysis also covered the inverse relationship that exists between the unemployment rate and both capacity utilization and consumer confidence. The next section focuses on the airline industry. Agronomic environment to the overall industry performance during the historic and current periods. Our main focus will be centered on the industry contribution to GAP, its competitive environment, pricing and economies of scale strategies, and its major costs. The Airline Industry All the macroeconomic factors we have analyzed have direct influence over the behavior of the different industries in the economy. In this section, we discuss the airline industry performance during the historic and current periods by emphasizing the relationship it poses with the macro environment. Traditionally, there has been a direct relationship between the growth of the economy and the growth of the industry. For instance, during the historic period, the industry and the economy were both characterized by decreasing unemployment, and as the GAP improved, the industry sustained profits. In the current period, the industry was badly affected by the existing recession, and even with the recent improvement in the economic environment, the industry has not been able to recover at the same rate as the economy. The changes in the macroeconomic environment have great influence over the industry mainly due to its principle characteristics: The current market structure AT ten Lorene Ministry Is centralize Day a null degree AT market incarceration with a small number of dominant, large firms although other producers are present. In the airline industry, the top airlines historically were American, Continental, Delta, Northwest, US Airways, and United, better known as the Big Six. Traditionally, entry of smaller firms into this market was moderately difficult due to strategies used by the Big Six such as: Cutting ticket prices below actual cost (predatory Holding gates and slots at airports so they can conveniently fly ion and out blocking smaller firms Holding long-term leases on gates and retaining dates currently onto in use to prevent their use by others Holding veto rights over airport expansion projects that might let ion new competitors Controlling critical ground-handling baggage services at dominant hubs; usually charging smaller airlines prohibitively high prices for using them The Industry Evolves Even with the long-standing structure of the airline industry, changes are inevitable. The most important challenge faced is the change in the industry competitive environment. As the airline industry entered the current period, it faced problems related to the general economic recession. The 9/1 1 terrorist attacks and the war with Iraq have led to further dampening effects on the industry. A new breed of carriers is gaining strength in this environment: low-cost airlines. Industry Performance and Contribution to GAP Historically, there has been a very strict correlation between how the airline industry performs financially and how the nations economy performs, measured by GAP. This indicates that the airline industry was a major contributor to the nations economy. During this period, airlines reported high net profits linked to the period of economic expansion discussed in the macroeconomic section of this port. Historical periods profits enabled airline carriers to rebuild their balance sheets from the Gulf War years. Unfortunately, from 2001 to the present, the industry has accumulated net losses. Although GAP figures had already been declining prior to 9/1 1, as the above graph indicates, the slowing economy and the bursting dot. Com bubble also negatively impacted the industry. This deteriorating behavior is once again consistent with the performance of the overall macroeconomic environment. At the present, the low-cost carriers are capitalizing on the debt of the major carriers. This capitalization, coupled with huge investments made by big firms during the historical period (See Aircraft Orders Options graph) to face increased demand, forced big airlines to improve efficiency through cost-cutting measures described in further analysis. The precipitous drop in traffic following the 9/1 1 attacks were mirrored by the industry sharp reduction in capacity fleets shrunk by 298 aircraft. Industry Costs Bleed Profits During the historic period, the effects of decreased demand and increased competitive pressures from low-cost carriers have made major airlines focus on cost management to improve their income statements, which have been yielding negative numbers since 2001. The largest expenses for the airline industry in both the historical and current periods include flying operations (29%), aircraft and traffic servicing (16%), maintenance (12%), and promotion and sales (11%). We begin by analyzing the industry largest expense: labor. More than 1/3 of the revenue generated each day is used to pay the workforce, causing airline labor costs per employee to be among the highest of any industry in the US. The graph to the left illustrates this relationship by comparing en average annual employee compensation In ten Lorene Ministry to Tanat In ten u private industry. The industry presented a steady increase in the number of employees from 1996 to 2000. This behavior is consistent with a moderate industry expansion and contributed to low unemployment rates. Following 2000, airline companies began to look for ways to improve cost management; they began cutting labor costs. When aviation experiences economic difficulties, those difficulties reverberate across the economy. For every Job in the airline industry, an estimated 1 5 jobs are produced in the broader economy. Nearly 100,000 airline employees along with roughly 400,000 others in the U. Fuel constitutes the industry second largest operational expense. During times of relatively moderate fuel prices, these costs averaged 10 to 12% of industry expenses. The industry is exposed to severe price escalation every one-cent increase in the cost of a gallon of Jet fuel costs the industry $180 million per year. Past fuel increases and recessions have had negative effects on the airline industry, and profitability has suffered as a direct consequence of the weakening economy. Within these costs, the main expense is omissions, which constituted 13% of the industry operating expenses in the historical period. Unfortunately for airlines, they are unable to raise their prices in response to these escalated costs due to the highly competitive environment characterizing the industry. This term relates to the fact that once an airline operates in a network of city-pair routes, the marginal costs of adding new routes are low. Demand for Airline Service While the partnerships mentioned before have improved supply issues by limiting domestic competition, carriers must still deal with other factors affecting demand.

Business Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Study - Assignment Example Swiss Classic draws inspiration from the ancient Swiss culinary which is known as the maker of the best chocolate in the world. The product will come in different shapes and sizes according to the preference of the customer. The Chocolate House will also offer customized packaging which allows the buyers to choose from brown and gold packages. Swiss Classic's price will range from 10 for three small chocolates to 30 for three large ones. Aside from being sold in company-owned retail outlets, Swiss Classic can also be delivered for an additional charge and can be bundled with wine, bouquets and cards when used as gifts. This promotional objective allows the firm to provide value to its customers thereby ensuring the steady inflow of sales. Because the chocolate is popular and widely consumed by the UK market, The Chocolate House's main task is to capture the appropriate niche for its products. Demand creation enables the company and the product Swiss Classic to succeed and even merely survive in the industry. Inadequate demand in the long run will force the company to withdraw and close down. Thus, this objective is pivotal in the survival of the business organization. Creating Image This promotional objective allows the firm to differentiate itself among the numerous competitors in the industry. By occupying a definite position in the customers' minds, The Chocolate House be assured of strong brand equity and recall from its market. The firm will do this by emphasizing on product quality, ensuring freshness through the use of cocoa butter instead of vegetable fat, pricing higher than its competitors, delivering excellent customer service, and designing its outlets as a place for indulgence. Since The Chocolate House is competing through a differentiation strategy, image creation is important in order to stress its uniqueness. The company should always stress what separates it from competitors that customers should patronize its products. If this is not pursued, it might end up being one of the others or worse, it might not be able to win any customer at all. Increasing Sales This promotional objective allows the firm to ensure growth within its market. The Chocolate House will use intensive marketing effort like advertisement and promotions in order to penetrate the UK market and capture higher shares. Through the years, it is the general goal of a firm to grow its market share and consequently its sales. Growth in sales signals the company's efficiency and success in its promotional efforts and overall strategic management. Increasing Profits This promotional objective allows the firm to achieve its goal of maximizing shareholder value. Increasing profits will be ensured through the efficient allocation of promotional budget. The company will also regularly review its pricing strategy in order to ensure maximum profitability. Increasing profits even though not a

Developing a Performance Measurement System for a Firm That Purchased Coursework

Developing a Performance Measurement System for a Firm That Purchased a Supplier of Its Intermediate Goods - Coursework Example The basis for transfer prices is that the subunit managers make decisions; they are required to focus on how their decision will influence the performance of the subunit without assessing their effect on the overall company performance. Thus, transfer prices make it easy for the subunit manager to process information and make decisions. In a transfer system that is well designed, the manager puts more focus on optimizing the performance of the subunit, and in so doing, the performance of the company is optimized (Datar, Horngren & Rajan, 2012). Usually, there are three forms of transfer prices; market-based transfer prices, cost-based transfer, and negotiated transfer prices. Each form complies with organization and performance assessment in a different level. The transfer prices to be used rely on the environmental conditions and specific objectives of the company. In this case, the form of transfer to be used is the market-based transfer prices. In order to develop a performance measurement system for the firm, the following conditions must be met. First, a market or its substitute must exist for the intermediate product. However, this condition is generally not fully met. In most cases, there are a number of comparable products with different prices present. Second, the transaction of the firm’s divisions may not have a significant effect on the market price.

Scope Of Technical Writing In India

Scope Of Technical Writing In India The outsourcing explosion started with software and expanded to call centers and is now spreading to other fields and technical writing is one of them. The Indian education system has produced many a talented software professionals, technical writers and many other experts. It would be very difficult to find a country like India with higher level of English writing and editing skills. The outcome is large number of qualified professionals willing to provide quality content to a variety of global audience. The outlook of Indian professionals especially technical writers in India has been very global. With the current outsourcing rush the Indian technical writers can easily create and write from the customers viewpoint. The internet also gives Indians an insight to the global trends and makes their output worthwhile. Scope of technical writing in India Technical writing in India is new but upcoming profession. There are over 14000 jobs for Technical Writing on a job portal in India which is not very far behind other esteemed jobs like engineering and management. Technical writing in India is a lesser known profession which is fast gaining recognition. Looking at the technical writing job vacancies in India, majority of them are with the software companies and web development companies. Software companies require technical documentation to be done for their products and technical processes like user manuals, guides, online help etc. Web development companies expect their technical writers to write and edit content for their websites. Technical writers are also responsible for high website ranking in the various search engines for applicable key words. This sphere of technical writing is called SEO (Search Engine Optimization). There are other sectors also which hire technical writers like telecom, banking, energy, insurance etc. So broadly speaking, job of a technical writer is to develop broachers, user guides, reports and white papers for different types of products. These jobs are not new in, but their classification of these activities under technical writing in India is rather new. Impact of technical writing in India In the 1990s technical writing in India was practically unknown. But there were some IT giants who realized the need of technical documentation and started setting up teams for the same. It has literally become a key factor for an organizations growth and progress as technical writers have bridged the gap between a companys product and its users. Technical writing in India as well as in other countries has become a procedure to deliver information in the form of speech or document to a particular audience like programmers, technical support staff, end-users, potential customers and business partners. The process of getting or loosing a business deal depends on the efficiency of a technical writer as the technical documents and write-ups form the face of company. Consumers hardly buy a product (software or hardware) with high technology without proper documentation. They look at the documentation to understand the technology and configure, deploy, install and use these products. Hence, technical writing in India and other countries has a major role to play. Global Trends in technical writing With evolving technologies and new tools there should be some trends that should be kept in mind. Below mentioned are the trends in the field of technical writing that one can follow: Shared authoring Technical writing in India as well as in other countries is no longer done by a single writer from a single point of view. Projects need inputs from various SMEs (Subject Matter Experts) who thrive in various locations and departments. A technical writer should know how to extract information from them and put together in one place. Social Networking Sites There are so many social media sites like facebook, linkedIn etc. where discussions are taking place on the products and services you document. So to become successful companies participate in social media, take feedback and strengthen ties with their customers. Fusion technical writer To be a successful technical writer it is not enough that you can write. One has to play various roles like web designer, motivational speaker or a QA tester etc. Multimedia Small video tutorials embedded on youtube or other video sharing sites are quite narrative for visual learners. Globalization A technical writer may have to work with peers distributed globally. And a product is also distributed globally often, which means you should write in plain and simple business English which everyone understands. It is important to be understood by people from various cultures across the globe. User-created content Instead of users just being passive consumers of your product or service, you can encourage them to post comments, become forum moderators and post articles and participate actively. Qualification and Skills required for technical writing in India Though companies decide roles and duties for technical writers in the job advertisements, but no specifications are given for the qualification requirements that a person must possess. Since technical writing involves both good communication skills, a flair for writing, a methodical way of presenting the information and technical bent of mind, therefore in India a person from technical background as well as humanities background can become a technical writer. As there are no formal training courses run by the Universities for technical writing in India unlike other countries like USA, there are no specific qualification parameters defined to become a technical writer. Though there are some privately run institutes who train students to be future technical writers in some metro cities in India like Hyderabad, Pune and Bangalore etc. There are some common skill set required to be a technical writer: Technical skills A technical writer should be aware of the technology being used for a product or service for documentation purpose. When a technical writer interviews the SMEs (Subject Matter Experts) for details he should have the technology specific expertise so as to understand the information and later document it. Writing skills It is mandatory for a technical writer to have a flair for writing. A technical writer should be able to document software, products etc. in a very concise and error free approach. Tools skills A technical writer needs to know various software tools, since they have to develop documents in different types of formats. Particular tools, like Adobe FrameMaker, RoboHelp, MS Word, Captivate etc. or maybe some other tool the company depends for technical writing in India. Interpersonal skills The ability to extract information for documentation purpose is very important for a technical writer. Generally SMEs do not have enough time. This is where a technical writers interpersonal skills come handy to gather as much information as possible in a very short time. Analytical or Diagnostic skills A technical writer should possess logical ability to interpret the given information for documenting it. Drawing or Design skills Technical writers should understand the usage of visuals to convey their thoughts in a document. Also formatting is very important and audience would understand the things better by the way of visuals. Testing skills A technical writer may be asked to test the technical procedures etc. Even if they dont do it, they understand that verification of the documentation should be done for authentication purpose. The above mentioned skills like analytical, interpersonal are natural skills, others are acquired skills like technical skills and tool skills. For the various tool skills you can get trained from various institutes in India which run technical writing courses. Training for technical writing in India If you want to be a full-time technical writer or a freelancer, you will have to write instructions to assist people use a product or service. Following are listed some the projects that a technical writer has to do: Documenting User Manuals from computer software to automobiles to electronic gadgets to kitchen appliances. Documenting Assembly Instructions for furniture, computers or other gadgets. Documenting training manuals. Writing online help documents. When audiences need help they can click on the Help link like in your internet browser. Documenting procedure manuals for businesses. Documenting for the internet. Technical writing involves writing a web page for a website describing how to use the website and what it does. The sector of technical writing in India is relatively new. Therefore, there is no formal training for technical writing in India. Candidates who want to be technical writers can go for some online courses or there are some privately run institutes in metro cities like Hyderabad, Pune and Bangalore etc. where one can be trained to become a technical writer. This will definitely increase career prospects for the technical writers. There are so many basic and advanced courses run by a typical institute like: Certificate course in technical writing which has duration is one month. Diploma course in technical writing which has duration of three months. Advanced or PG diploma course in technical writing which has duration of six months. These courses prepare you for a technical writing career in India. Not only they provide you with tips for getting hired as a technical writer but also they give you assistance for the same by organizations they have tie ups with. A typical course of technical writing in India has to offer things like: How to develop skills you need as technical writer like writing skills and tools skills where you will be trained on tools like Adobe FrameMaker, RoboHelp, Snagit, Captivate, MS Word etc. How to build your self-confidence in your technical writing capability. How to complete several tasks that you may be assigned as technical writer like Help systems, Screen shots and Flowcharts. How understanding the audience is beneficial in technical writing. Training on various style guides and sample technical writing manuals. Pros and cons of freelancing, contract and permanent jobs. Dos and donts for writing your CV or resume. Practice assignments to help learn technical writing. Technical writing evolving as an industry in India Looking at the global picture the technical writing industry is 15% of the total software industry. Though, in India the trend is operational by the rising aerospace and defense divisions, also with the rise of the digital market and the increasing focus on other engineering sectors. Also, with the growth of technical writing in India, innovation and entrepreneurship is required to be upbeat to make the most of the prospects available in India. The technical writing sector has seen a rush of the outsourcing projects in India, which has risen after the US economic recession. The number of organizations doing vast number of technical writing projects has also risen in India. This is accompanied by the increase in the availability of the trained and experienced workforce available. This assurance in this budding industry is also reinforced by a huge number of local companies spending a considerable proportion of their funds on technical writing and documentation requirements. The huge number of career prospects available, supported by global standard of education and training services have changed technical writing into a growing and striking career option for many. The clientele for technical writing in India as well as abroad are divisions like IT products, manufacturing, banking, financial, insurance, defense, manufacturing, pharmaceutical, education and business consulting. Market Survey and Pay scale for a technical writers in India Salary Chart Median Salary by Skill/Specialty Job: Technical Writer Country: India | Currency: INR | Updated: 18 Jun 2010 | Individuals Reporting: 591 A survey conducted by one of the community for technical writing in India shows the rise in salary of technical writers. The survey shows that salaries of technical writers have grown more than 200% in the last couple of years. The median yearly salary for a technical writing professional has grown from Rs. 2.75 lakhs in 2002 to nearly Rs. 6 lakhs in 2008. The survey also shows that current average salary of a fresher in this field is Rs. 2.50 lakhs approximately and that of a senior level technical writer with say 10 years of experience is around Rs. 13 lakhs yearly. Technical Background In India if technical writers set according to their technical and non technical background the following chart shows the division: Here technical writers with technical background not necessarily have a technical degree or a diploma; some might have just worked in that profession in technical capacity. English Literature, Advertising and Marketing, Journalism Background A considerable number of Indian technical writers are English Literature graduates, have a background in Journalism or Advertising Marketing: Here, all technical writers who are from these categories may not necessarily have a writing background. Writing Background Around one-third of technical writers were involved in some kind of writing before switching over to technical writing in India. While most of them were into journalism, there were a few involved in copy writing, freelance writing and research oriented writing. Fresher or Experienced Technical Writers Though there are no formal courses of technical writing in India, and knowledge of technical writing is also less, but quite a number of technical writers have started into a career of technical writing as there first ever job. How technical writers got into this field Majority of technical writers came to know about the technical writing profession through the organization they were working in, also through friends and family members who were already into this field, advertisements etc. Experience range of technical writers in India About half of technical writers in India are in the work experience range of 2 to 4 years. There are some in the profession with more than 8 years of work experience. The above technical writing survey in India, done by www.tc-forum.org and www.payscale.com shows us the salary range, the growth of technical writing and the kind of people coming into the profession. Benefits of Outsourcing technical writing to India There are many benefits of outsourcing technical writing services to India. Most important being saving money and time, followed by improved productivity and updated processing. When someone is thinking of technical writing in India, one can add proficiency and modified approach to the list. The IT has seen a complete boom in the sector, creating professionals who are skilled and expert in technical writing. India has a very large population that knows fluent English. With the IT revolution in India the young technical writers have been shown the needs of global market so they very well understand demands of the international audience, which enable them to write technical documents in global viewpoint. India has produced many young talented professionals who have specialized in various fields like IT and medicine etc. and are willing to take up technical writing as a full time career. Therefore, one can think of outsourcing specialized projects for technical writing in India without worrying about content accuracy and innovative solutions. With the outsourcing being a big income generator for the Indian economy, the government is taking proper measures that international customers derive maximum benefits from Indian professionals. This makes better the chances of budding professions like technical writing in India. Future of technical writing in India Indians must keep reminding themselves that technical writing jobs were not created here. To keep up with these good times we must be able to foretell the future trends of technical writing in India and try to transform accordingly. In various companies in India where technical writers are employed, writing is taken to be a deliberate business function. One has to work hard to make his presence felt by making the technical writing profession center of the business function. It is our duty to instruct stakeholders about the importance of this profession and why they should hire a technical writer. Right now we are not at a point where a technical writer can put documentation in their final business project schemes. Companies are constantly concerned about the budgets which are attached with the resources. These days companies are harping upon making profits with reduced manpower. This thing directly impacts the profession of a technical writer. A technical writer must continuously remind the management about the values he presents the company with. For this we need people with leadership skills who can create effective opportunities for technical writers. The next thing is to understand where we are heading as a profession. For this, there is a need to get involved into technical expertise, innovation and doing business. The first and foremost thing is to be recognized as division of development team. This requires you to be well versed with the technology being used. The second step is to make your existence felt on a managerial level, which needs innovation. You have to have business skills to show your contribution in generating a firms revenue. Attend meetings with the development teams and try and influence their decisions. You have to move out of your work place and understand the functioning of the business. Also, instead of wasting time on how a tool works, our focus should be on rational or intellectual skills and how we can make the most of it. For those just beginning to enter this career, the foundation has already been laid. Now we carefully need to watch the path we take from here. Technical writing in India is not simply about gaining knowledge and writing about new technologies, products, services and processes. Its about setting new business directions and motivating others and delivering results. Conclusion A technical writers job is to write technical jargons into easily understandable language for a common person. With the technology evolving and laypersons accessing scientific and technical products and services also on a rise, the necessity for technical writing is only going to go up. Because of the US economic recession and outsourcing to countries like India for cost cutting and time saving purposes, technical writers will be in great demand. So due to the demand for instruction manuals increasing, it is making technical writing a profitable career course for writers of India.

Brief Summary of Daniel Willingham †Why Don’t Student Like School Essay

The answer to the question ‘why don’t students like school’ was explained very clearly on the first chapter. It was made clear that our brains are slow and unrealiable. Our brains tend to avoid thinking, which makes it unlikely for us to like thinking. But apparently our brains release some amount of dopamine when there are cases of ‘successful thinking’. So the trick is to give students problems that are challenging but also solvable. There are 3 types of memory stated in the book; the ‘environment’ memory, working memory and also long-term memory. For us to remember things better, we can trick our working memory with techniques such as ‘chunking’ since things can only get to the long-term memory through working memory. Emotion and interest also play a part in the remembering process. Things that grab our interest would trigger our mind to think, and memory is believed as the residue of thought while emotional events will be better remembered–unrelated to repetition–such as weddings, 9/11 tragedy or birthday parties. Sometimes we go on ‘auto-pilot’ on stuff that we regularly do, this is caused by repetition or practice, it can help us focus on other important things while still doing our regular activities such as chewing food, driving, reading and etc. The working memory has a very limited capacity, our brain can’t take too much information, if we do, it could lose track of what we’re doing and thinking fails. As an example, that’s what actually happened to me when I was reading the book, the first chapters really crowded my brain and it was actually hurting. Putting the material in a story form can also help students remember because stories are easy to comprehend, interesting and somehow easy to remember. Background knowledge is crucial during learning process as it helps new information to stay in our memory as it was stated that ‘Understanding new ideas is mostly a matter of getting the right old ideas into working memory and then rearranging them–making comparisons we hadn’t made before’ (Willingham, 2009). As I get to the 4th chapter, reading the book was much more easier to understand as I already have the background knowledge. The author explained how important it is to practi ce or drilling. The bad image of how practice is tiring and hard has made students often avoid practicing. However, it is not necessary to learn for a few hours in a row, in fact, doing so with ‘space’ will make  learning more effective, I believe this method wouldn’t feel so tiring and hard. In the 6th chapter, Willingham explained how experts have extensive organized experience, which makes them think in deep structure. Experts work on their subject for several hours a day, to get students to think like experts, learning should be done for several hours. There is a perception that experts would solve puzzles faster, however experts often take more time to think as they dig into more depth than novices. I personally agree with all the content in the book. I think the book basically covered all the aspects that could help students learn cognitive subjects efficiently. Proving Willingham’s theory on background knowledge and remembering, I read the book while relating to y our teachings and found that the content of the book was much easier to understand since some of them were also taught in your lessons. I guess you’re the living proof that the book is effective. I can see clearly how the writer actually performs his theory on chapter on through the book such as how he chose a question instead of a statement for the book’s title to grab attention. Often repetitions of definitions come up in different chapters of the book, which I believe is to help readers remember things. Some theories that are in the book are actually from our daily life that I haven’t noticed before. Stories have been used to help me learn, unconsciously, by teachers before but I did not really acknowledge how using stories for effective learning is actually a thing. The same with the emotional and interest theory on forgetting. What I did not expect was how we actually get satisfaction from learning, my perception towards learning has always been about something that is tiring and that it is important but wouldn’t give you any pleasure. Although I would add some things that might have been left behind by Willingham from his point of view. I would deli berate over a few things from a student’s perspective. It’s the ‘whom’ that I think he might’ve left out. Teachers aren’t all the same and each has their different styles of teaching. One teacher might have been basing his teaching on your book but the other doesn’t. I think this might affect how the students study at home. The materials–such as books or presentation slides–might just be insufficient or students might have got used to the ‘Willingham style’, students might not be able to keep up with the other subjects. If Willingham would add another chapter on changing student’s learning style permanently or something. That would be perfect. He  actually did mention how to treat the students in chapter 8 but I don’t think showing that the teacher has confidence in the student would change how the student thinks permanently. Another thing is just a method that I often use in memorizing process. I try to ‘act’ the theory in order for me to remember the matter. This is just an additional method that I think could have a space in the book. After reading the book, I realized that having read the book had somehow changed my perspective about some few things such as practice can be done in a more effective–less tiring–way, how to grab atte ntion–in case I have to teach–and few other things. Well, I guess that is all. I really think this is an outstanding book by how I actually enjoyed reading it. I really hope that teachers would use this book as their basis. But afterall a student’s performance does not only depend on the teachers but also the student. I think the book itself is applicable for students with some change of perspective and behavior.